Overblog
Suivre ce blog Administration + Créer mon blog
3 juin 2013 1 03 /06 /juin /2013 02:28

Voici comment un groupe d'étudiants Congolais boursiers (UDEPESOIS?) en Chine voulait escroquer l'Ambassade de la RDC à Beijing

 

Dirigé par un certain Johnnie Mfinda, ce groupe d'étudiants ont fait le tour des universités de Beijing pour louer une grande salle de conférence (à $1,000 pour une demi-journée?) pour soit-disant organiser une conférence "sur la situation au pays"  la veille du 30 juin 2013, soit le 29 juin 2013, et transferrer la facture à l'ambassade.

La selection des étudiants boursiers laisse beaucoup à  désirer!  L'avenir du Congo de demain répose sur les mains des jeunes, mais quels jeunes?

Partager cet article
Repost0
3 juin 2013 1 03 /06 /juin /2013 01:21

Corruption au Rwanda et en Grande Bretagne (les deux alliés) en chiffres

  
  
Rwanda : Emergence of a Tutsi Lumpenbourgeoisie


by Dr Jean-Bapstiste Mberabahizi
Secretary General and Spokesperson, United Democratic Forces (UDF-INKINGI) 

http://jukwaa.proboards.com/thread/8479/mberahizi-rise-tutsi-lumpen-bourgeoisie




In his book Lumpen-Bourgeoisie and Lumpen-Development: Dependency, Class and Politics in Latin America (1973) in which he analysed the essence of neocolonialism in Latin America, André Gunder Frank described its upper class as a lumpenbourgeoisie, a class that has little collective self-awareness or economic base and supports the colonial masters. Many current African societies and Rwanda in particular respond admirably to this description. A close look into Rwanda’s Tutsi upper class essence that manifests in both its domestic and external policies shows that indeed this class lacks self-awareness, has no internal economic base and indeed supports its Western neocolonial masters in spite of its window-dressing anti-West rhetoric.

This condition is new in Rwanda’s history in that unlike the previous Hutu petty bourgeois regimes that were mainly bureaucratic, the current Rwandese Patriotic Front regime has unambiguously chosen to tie its fate to that of the globalized capitalistic system that it serves in exchange of leftovers (its cut in the value added extracted from Rwanda) secondarily and handouts ("Official Development Aid" flows), primarily.

The current regime understands its role so-well that Paul Kagame’s Presidential Advisory Council is made of Western CEOs while Tony Blair’s teams are the real masterminders of the Strategic Policy Unit in his office as well as in the Prime Minister’s Office, the ministry of finance and the Rwanda Revenue Authority to name just a few places of power under their direct influence.

The so-called "economic miracle" praised by Western CEOs and their PR firms is in fact the external sign attesting to a social transformation of a special nature, that of the former exiled Tutsi lumpenpetty bourgeois into a ferocious and greedy lumpenbourgeoisie whose survival depends both economically and politically on the support of their Western masters. Thus, these lumpenbourgeois have no account to give to the Rwandan people. It is rather answerable to its masters and is very sensitive to the extent that a cough in the White House or Downing Streat has instant repercussions on the whole establishment in Kigali. Instead of reserving the old same reasons why certain Western powers have protected them so far (geostrategic interests), the purpose of this short paper is to explore through which economic and financial mechanisms this support maintains the RPF system alive.

Unprecedented flows of "Official Development Aid"


From 1994 to 2002, the current Tutsi lumpenbourgeoisie made its primitive accumulation through occupation of assets belonging to the ousted Hutu bureaucratic bourgeoisie, misappropriation of public assets through the so-called privatization process and tenderpreneurship, and lastly plunder of natural resources of the Democratic Republic of the Congo during the two invasions and total or partial occupations of that country that took place first in 1996-97 and again in 1998-2002. A residual chain of plunder was maintained ever since and continues to be covered by Congolese Tutsi proxy militias, the CNDP between 2004 and 2009 and again the so-called M23 since 2012. During this period, the primitive accumulation of capital was made possible by internal mechanisms since aid flows were then mainly channelled through NGOs as part of humanitarian aid to a country emerging of conflict.

In 2003, "Official Development Aid" took over and litterally exploded pouring into the RPF elites’ hands billions of dollars. The sources of "aid " indicate a radical shift of allegiance of the Rwandan bourgeoisie in its relationship with the West.

The UK appears for the first time in the sky of major Western « bilateral aid donors » becoming the first bilateral European financial donor of Rwanda in 1994. Between 1962 and 1994, British total aid amounted to the ludicrus sum of 5 million USD (current) in 32 years ! In 1994, in the aftermath of their capture of State power, the British cash flow to the RPF elites shoot up to 44.6 million USD (current). From 1994 to 2011, the UK literally showered the RPF regime with an unprecedented 1.2 billion USD (current) of aid which had never been seen in Rwanda’s bilateral aid history.

For their part, the USA who had provided small amounts of aid to the country since 1962 (220 million USD in 31 years), they flooded the RPF elites with the huge sum of 1,4 billion USD (current) in just 18 years.

The EU was not left behind. Whilst the European Union had handed to the previous Hutu elites 470 millions USD (current) in 31 years, the new Tutsi elites were drowned into a sea of dollars with the total bilateral aid amounting to 1.13 billion USD (current) in just 18 years. To this, we have to add the flows of multilateral aid from the IMF, the World Bank and the African Development Bank. Just to give the reader an idea, suffice it to know that for the FY 2010/2011 and FY 2011/2012, the RPF regime received from the two Bretton Woods institutions respectively 975 millions USD and 1.2 billion USD.

Unlike under the previous regime where aid was generally project-based, the current elites could access it as General Budget Support or Sector Budget Support which gave them the flexibility they needed to capture it for themselves through self-centered budgetary and fiscal policies. This dependency to aid exposes the true character of the present regime and shows its narrative depicting aid as toxic and advocating for investments and trade is exceedingly void and demagogic.

Longing for foreign direct investments


Figures from the World Bank also inform us that the total net flows of foreign investment between 1994 and 2011 was just 500 million USD (current), which represents an average of 27.8 million USD per annum, slightly less than net personal remittances (31 million USD). Suffice it to recall that Net official development assistance and official aid received (constant 2010 US$) during the same period reached the astronomic sum of 12.5 billion USD, aid from BRICS excluded. All the noise being made by the RPF regime is meant to conceal the bitter reality that the ruling elites depend more on handouts from the West than cuts from the meager foreign direct investment endlessly blown at the face of starters and other uninformed audiences.

Thriving on aid and selling lies

During the last Rwanda Day UK 2013, the RPF Uganda born mouthpiece Andrew Mwenda appearing on a panel on Rwanda’s so-called economic miracle stated bluntly that Rwanda was "the most equitable country in the World" . Paul Kagame himself later tried to force down his audience’s throat that his regime managed to "lift one million people from poverty". The series of lies went on and on. The objective of that campaign is to make the public believe that the growth registered in terms of GDP benefits to all Rwandans and is equitably shared. Nothing could be further from the truth. For Rwanda is among the most unequal societies in the World.

The Gini index is the most commonly used to measure inequality in a given population. According to the World Bank, the Gini index measures the extent to which the distribution of income or consumption of expenditure among individuals or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution. Hence, a Gindi index of 0 represents a perfect equality while 100 implies a perfect inequality. Rwanda’s Gini index was 50.8 in 2011 and was the highest of the East African Community. It stands at 33.3, 47.7, 37 and 44 for Burundi (2006), Kenya (2005), Tanzania (2006) and Uganda (2009) respectively.

In 2010, the US and the UK who are the main providers of aid to post-genocide Rwanda’s elites had a Gini index of 38 and 34 (after-tax) respectively. Sweden’s, Norway’s or even Belgium’s or Switzerland indexes were respectively 25, 25.6 and 33 in 2011 and stood at 30.4 for the EU in 2009. The 10% richest hold 43,2% of the National income.

There were close to 300,000 Rwandans earning a salary both in the public and the private sector in 2002 according the RPF government (Politique Nationale de l’Emploi, 2007) out of an active population of 4,500,000 individuals aged between 15 and 65 years. The rest (92%) were self-employed, mostly in rural areas (87,6%). For those who know the reality behind these figures, at least 50% of these Rwandans are either landless or poor peasants working less than 15 hours a week. The truth is they are unemployed.

The upper-class of the public servant entertains various connections with the private sector. Sometimes, so-called private companies are owned by the ruling party in a way that the separation between private and State ownership is hard to figure out. It’s worth mentioning that 80% of Rwanda’s current businesses were created after 1994 (IFC, Enterprise Survey, Rwanda Country Profile, 2011). They were launched by Tutsi returnees who form the core of the upper-strata of the ruling party. It seems like the only thing they share is that common background, though. These factors combined block or prevent the emergence of a real national bourgeoisie, a wide national petty bourgeoisie and obviously complicate the formation of a vigorous and organized proletariat.

A class that lacks self-awareness


The main psychological characteristic of the ruling Tutsi bourgeoisie is a mix of ethnic supremacism and the mindset of a community besieged and constantly under threat. Beyond this, there is no real class awareness because an individual easily passes overnight from the wealthiest condition to the poorest, depending on his/her allegiance to the reigning autocrat. Their sense of belonging to a class is non-existent. Their fate is determined by the will of the ruling autocrat by whom passes the external financial support they collectively thrive on. These elites are conscious that what they possess can vanish in a wink without prior notice. Because of this characteristic, they tend to see the whole society through the lenses of their own fate, negate the existence of class stratification and class contradictions in the Rwandan society and feel comfortable in their ideological confusion. This ideological vacuum was filled by evangelical preachers that mushroomed since 1994.

As a consequence, even though they are linked to the global ruling capitalist classes in the West, their discourse can barely discern the exact nature of their link to them. This blurred vision leads them to behaving like the lumpen proletariat in many ways. Having all to lose in case of change of guard on the part of their masters, they dont hesitate to blackmail them whenever they feel « betrayed » by their masters. This happened recently when Paul Kagame’s Rwanda was threatened of sanctions and possible indictment by the ICC for his destabilizing activities in the east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and when the cash tap was turned off for some time.

To conclude, Rwandans’ internal enemy is clearly a thuggish Tutsi supramacist social class whose economic base is « official aid ». Andre Gunder Frank and Samir Amin have everyone in their own way exposed the essence of such a class and how its links to multinationals and their serving governments in the center of capitalism consolidate dictatorship and develop underdevelopment in its periphery, namely in Latine America or Africa. Rwanda’s ruling class is a case-study in this regard. To uproot this particular lumpenbourgeoisie, we need to comprehend its essence and organize the Rwandan masses and lead their struggle for national liberation and a new social order, based on a non-ethnic and non sexist democracy, a people-centered and internally generated economic growth and a shared prosperity.


For more on UDF-Inkingi:

www.fdu-rwanda.com/en/principes-de-base/programme-politique/


Read more: http://jukwaa.proboards.com/thread/8479/mberahizi-rise-tutsi-lumpen-bourgeoisie#ixzz2V42czlaf
 
Lobbying claims: Two peers suspended, one resigns
BBC, 2 June 2013 Last updated at 18:11 GMT
Three peers have been accused of agreeing to carry out Parliamentary work for payment.
Undercover Sunday Times reporters filmed the men appearing to offer to help a fake solar energy company.
Ulster Unionist Lord Laird and Labour's Lord Mackenzie of Framwellgate and Lord Cunningham deny wrongdoing.
The two Labour peers have been suspended from the party and Lord Laird has resigned the party whip pending an investigation.
In a separate investigation by the BBC's Panorama programme in conjunction with the Daily Telegraph, Lord Laird was also secretly filmed discussing a retainer to ask parliamentary questions.
The House of Lords code of conduct says peers must not act as paid advocates and "must not seek to profit from membership of the House by accepting or agreeing to accept payment for providing parliamentary advice or services".
Lord Laird is alleged to have told reporters posing as lobbyists for a fake company representing business interests in Fiji that he would be interested in accepting a retainer of £2,000 a month.
He told the Panorama undercover team that he would help start an All Party Parliamentary Group for Fiji. He indicated that he would use the promise of a trip to Fiji as a "bribe" in order to get people to join the group.
Lord Laird said: "I'll deny having said this, but it's a bribe. The sort of thing I can say to these guys. 'Look, you put that question down now. I thought you were interested in Fiji. Would you like to come down to it, y'know? I believe it's quite nice.' But that's why I can say that."
Lord Laird was filmed telling the Panorama undercover team that he would help start an All Party Parliamentary Group, or APPG, for Fiji
In a similar but separate investigation by the Sunday Times, Lord Laird told undercover reporters that, working together, peers could ask parliamentary questions for each other's clients, put down amendments in debates or write to ministers.
But later, in a statement to the BBC, Lord Laird said he had been "the subject of a scam" by journalists.
"This has led to allegations that I have broken the rules of the House of Lords," he said.
Continue reading the main story

Lord Laird: In quotes

In discussions with Panorama's undercover team, Lord Laird explained how he could get other people to raise questions in the House of Lords.
"If I take this on, obviously there is, I would be doing that for monetary reward.
"I don't want to be having to unveil that because it weakens the position. But if I asked a question, I'd have to declare an interest. Now that doesn't stop me. Can still do that, that's fine. But you want more than me.
"You don't want it sounding as if the only bloody person in Parliament who raises any bloody thing about Fiji is the guy they pay."
"I wish to make it clear that I did not agree to act as a paid advocate in any proceedings of the House nor did I accept payment or other incentive or reward in return for providing parliamentary advice or services."
He said that, although he had not broken any rules, he had referred himself "to the appropriate authorities".
The Ulster Unionist Party later announced that Lord Laird had resigned the party whip, pending the outcome of an investigation by Westminster authorities.
Mike Nesbitt, head of the UUP, said: "Any sensible, right-minded person watching that video clip would form an opinion and that is not the opinion I would want for the Ulster Unionist Party."
'Value for money'
The second peer, Lord Cunningham - a minister under Tony Blair - offered to write to Prime Minister David Cameron to push the solar energy company's supposed agenda.
He also offered to ask parliamentary questions and said he could "get other people to ask questions as well".
He was offered a monthly payment of £10,000, to which he replied: "Make that... £12,000 a month. I think we could do a deal on that."
He told undercover reporters he offered "value for money" because he could introduce them to senior members of all three of the main political parties.
"Knocking on doors, introductions and getting to see people, including if necessary the ministers - this is part of the package," he said.
In a statement sent to the Sunday Times, Lord Cunningham denied breaking any rules.
He said: "I deny any agreement to operate in breach of the House of Lords code of conduct and, in fact, recall that I made it clear that I would only operate within the rules."
He said his reference to "a fanciful £12,000 a month payment" was made to test his suspicion that he had been talking to journalists.
Lord (Brian) Mackenzie, a former chief superintendent for Durham police and president of the Police Superintendents Association, said he could arrange parties for paying clients - including on the terrace of the House of Lords - after being asked if this was possible.
Lord Brian MacKenzie of Framwellgate: ''I have not broken any of the rules''
"There is a rule that you shouldn't host a reception in parliament where you have a pecuniary interest. I thought that's bloody nonsense. Nonetheless... how would you get round that?
"I just say to a colleague who has nothing to do with it, 'would you host a function for me?'" he said.
But Lord Mackenzie told the BBC he was "quite happy" that he had not broken the rules.
He said the undercover reporters may well have offered him "so many thousands a month", but no figure was agreed on.
"In the event, when I went back to my office I checked the codes of conduct and I decided that it was getting a bit near the mark and I decided to decline the offer," he added.
Continue reading the main story

Analysis

image of Alan SoadyAlan SoadyPolitical reporter, BBC News
The rules over lobbying have long been seen by some around Westminster as having grey areas or loopholes.
David Cameron has previously warned that it risked blowing up into a scandal.
The specific allegations against each individual will be investigated and they all deny wrongdoing. But whether or not any rules have been broken in this case, it thrusts the whole issue of lobbying back into the spotlight.
It seems likely it will act as a warning shot to Parliament and may well lead to the rules being tightened.
He said so long as a peer's outside interests were properly declared and registered, it would be "nonsense" to prohibit them from asking questions and raising issues.
They brought specialist knowledge and expertise to the House of Lords, he said.
The Sunday Times said all three peers had told their undercover reporters at the time that they would declare any payment in the House of Lords register - but then they discussed ways to get around declaration of interest rules by asking colleagues to table questions and host events.
Labour said in a statement released after the peers' suspension: "The Labour Party expects the highest standards of its representatives and believes that they have a duty to be transparent and accountable at all times."
The party has called for urgent cross-party talks on the stalled introduction of a register.
Shadow defence secretary Jim Murphy said the latest claims made his toes curl "out of utter embarrassment".
People would be "utterly sickened" with actions showing there was one system for those who govern and another for those being governed, he added.
Shadow foreign secretary Douglas Alexander expressed anger that the good name of the endeavour of politics was "once again being smeared by what appears to be conduct that literally cannot be defended".
Cabinet Office minister Francis Maude suggested lobbying reform could get under way before the 2015 election.
Peter Facey, director of campaign group Unlock Democracy, said peers were paid a tax-free allowance of £300 a day, plus travel expenses to sit in the House of Lords - the equivalent of a £60,000 annual salary if they attended every time the House sat.
On Saturday, Panorama released footage - secretly filmed as part of the same investigation - of MP Patrick Mercer appearing to offer a Commons security pass to a fake Fijian firm that paid him £4,000 to ask parliamentary questions. He had resigned the Tory whip the previous day.
Mr Mercer said he had taken the money for consultancy work outside Parliament.
Panorama will be shown on BBC One at 21:00 BST on Thursday.
__._,_.___
Recent Activity:
 
.

__,_._,___


Partager cet article
Repost0
3 juin 2013 1 03 /06 /juin /2013 00:20

Le terme "investisseur" est desormais vide de sens. Les memes Occidentaux qui pillent le Congo reviennent comme des investisseurs avec l'argent du Congo en poche! Selon les recherches, les resources minerales d'une valeur de 6 millions de dollars sortent clandestinement de la RDC chaque jour.

Partager cet article
Repost0
2 juin 2013 7 02 /06 /juin /2013 14:14
Rwanda : Emergence of a Tutsi Lumpenbourgeoisie


by Dr Jean-Bapstiste Mberabahizi
Secretary General and Spokesperson, United Democratic Forces (UDF-INKINGI) 

http://jukwaa.proboards.com/thread/8479/mberahizi-rise-tutsi-lumpen-bourgeoisie




In his book Lumpen-Bourgeoisie and Lumpen-Development: Dependency, Class and Politics in Latin America (1973) in which he analysed the essence of neocolonialism in Latin America, André Gunder Frank described its upper class as a lumpenbourgeoisie, a class that has little collective self-awareness or economic base and supports the colonial masters. Many current African societies and Rwanda in particular respond admirably to this description. A close look into Rwanda’s Tutsi upper class essence that manifests in both its domestic and external policies shows that indeed this class lacks self-awareness, has no internal economic base and indeed supports its Western neocolonial masters in spite of its window-dressing anti-West rhetoric.

This condition is new in Rwanda’s history in that unlike the previous Hutu petty bourgeois regimes that were mainly bureaucratic, the current Rwandese Patriotic Front regime has unambiguously chosen to tie its fate to that of the globalized capitalistic system that it serves in exchange of leftovers (its cut in the value added extracted from Rwanda) secondarily and handouts ("Official Development Aid" flows), primarily.

The current regime understands its role so-well that Paul Kagame’s Presidential Advisory Council is made of Western CEOs while Tony Blair’s teams are the real masterminders of the Strategic Policy Unit in his office as well as in the Prime Minister’s Office, the ministry of finance and the Rwanda Revenue Authority to name just a few places of power under their direct influence.

The so-called "economic miracle" praised by Western CEOs and their PR firms is in fact the external sign attesting to a social transformation of a special nature, that of the former exiled Tutsi lumpenpetty bourgeois into a ferocious and greedy lumpenbourgeoisie whose survival depends both economically and politically on the support of their Western masters. Thus, these lumpenbourgeois have no account to give to the Rwandan people. It is rather answerable to its masters and is very sensitive to the extent that a cough in the White House or Downing Streat has instant repercussions on the whole establishment in Kigali. Instead of reserving the old same reasons why certain Western powers have protected them so far (geostrategic interests), the purpose of this short paper is to explore through which economic and financial mechanisms this support maintains the RPF system alive.

Unprecedented flows of "Official Development Aid"


From 1994 to 2002, the current Tutsi lumpenbourgeoisie made its primitive accumulation through occupation of assets belonging to the ousted Hutu bureaucratic bourgeoisie, misappropriation of public assets through the so-called privatization process and tenderpreneurship, and lastly plunder of natural resources of the Democratic Republic of the Congo during the two invasions and total or partial occupations of that country that took place first in 1996-97 and again in 1998-2002. A residual chain of plunder was maintained ever since and continues to be covered by Congolese Tutsi proxy militias, the CNDP between 2004 and 2009 and again the so-called M23 since 2012. During this period, the primitive accumulation of capital was made possible by internal mechanisms since aid flows were then mainly channelled through NGOs as part of humanitarian aid to a country emerging of conflict.

In 2003, "Official Development Aid" took over and litterally exploded pouring into the RPF elites’ hands billions of dollars. The sources of "aid " indicate a radical shift of allegiance of the Rwandan bourgeoisie in its relationship with the West.

The UK appears for the first time in the sky of major Western « bilateral aid donors » becoming the first bilateral European financial donor of Rwanda in 1994. Between 1962 and 1994, British total aid amounted to the ludicrus sum of 5 million USD (current) in 32 years ! In 1994, in the aftermath of their capture of State power, the British cash flow to the RPF elites shoot up to 44.6 million USD (current). From 1994 to 2011, the UK literally showered the RPF regime with an unprecedented 1.2 billion USD (current) of aid which had never been seen in Rwanda’s bilateral aid history.

For their part, the USA who had provided small amounts of aid to the country since 1962 (220 million USD in 31 years), they flooded the RPF elites with the huge sum of 1,4 billion USD (current) in just 18 years.

The EU was not left behind. Whilst the European Union had handed to the previous Hutu elites 470 millions USD (current) in 31 years, the new Tutsi elites were drowned into a sea of dollars with the total bilateral aid amounting to 1.13 billion USD (current) in just 18 years. To this, we have to add the flows of multilateral aid from the IMF, the World Bank and the African Development Bank. Just to give the reader an idea, suffice it to know that for the FY 2010/2011 and FY 2011/2012, the RPF regime received from the two Bretton Woods institutions respectively 975 millions USD and 1.2 billion USD.

Unlike under the previous regime where aid was generally project-based, the current elites could access it as General Budget Support or Sector Budget Support which gave them the flexibility they needed to capture it for themselves through self-centered budgetary and fiscal policies. This dependency to aid exposes the true character of the present regime and shows its narrative depicting aid as toxic and advocating for investments and trade is exceedingly void and demagogic.

Longing for foreign direct investments


Figures from the World Bank also inform us that the total net flows of foreign investment between 1994 and 2011 was just 500 million USD (current), which represents an average of 27.8 million USD per annum, slightly less than net personal remittances (31 million USD). Suffice it to recall that Net official development assistance and official aid received (constant 2010 US$) during the same period reached the astronomic sum of 12.5 billion USD, aid from BRICS excluded. All the noise being made by the RPF regime is meant to conceal the bitter reality that the ruling elites depend more on handouts from the West than cuts from the meager foreign direct investment endlessly blown at the face of starters and other uninformed audiences.

Thriving on aid and selling lies

During the last Rwanda Day UK 2013, the RPF Uganda born mouthpiece Andrew Mwenda appearing on a panel on Rwanda’s so-called economic miracle stated bluntly that Rwanda was "the most equitable country in the World" . Paul Kagame himself later tried to force down his audience’s throat that his regime managed to "lift one million people from poverty". The series of lies went on and on. The objective of that campaign is to make the public believe that the growth registered in terms of GDP benefits to all Rwandans and is equitably shared. Nothing could be further from the truth. For Rwanda is among the most unequal societies in the World.

The Gini index is the most commonly used to measure inequality in a given population. According to the World Bank, the Gini index measures the extent to which the distribution of income or consumption of expenditure among individuals or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution. Hence, a Gindi index of 0 represents a perfect equality while 100 implies a perfect inequality. Rwanda’s Gini index was 50.8 in 2011 and was the highest of the East African Community. It stands at 33.3, 47.7, 37 and 44 for Burundi (2006), Kenya (2005), Tanzania (2006) and Uganda (2009) respectively.

In 2010, the US and the UK who are the main providers of aid to post-genocide Rwanda’s elites had a Gini index of 38 and 34 (after-tax) respectively. Sweden’s, Norway’s or even Belgium’s or Switzerland indexes were respectively 25, 25.6 and 33 in 2011 and stood at 30.4 for the EU in 2009. The 10% richest hold 43,2% of the National income.

There were close to 300,000 Rwandans earning a salary both in the public and the private sector in 2002 according the RPF government (Politique Nationale de l’Emploi, 2007) out of an active population of 4,500,000 individuals aged between 15 and 65 years. The rest (92%) were self-employed, mostly in rural areas (87,6%). For those who know the reality behind these figures, at least 50% of these Rwandans are either landless or poor peasants working less than 15 hours a week. The truth is they are unemployed.

The upper-class of the public servant entertains various connections with the private sector. Sometimes, so-called private companies are owned by the ruling party in a way that the separation between private and State ownership is hard to figure out. It’s worth mentioning that 80% of Rwanda’s current businesses were created after 1994 (IFC, Enterprise Survey, Rwanda Country Profile, 2011). They were launched by Tutsi returnees who form the core of the upper-strata of the ruling party. It seems like the only thing they share is that common background, though. These factors combined block or prevent the emergence of a real national bourgeoisie, a wide national petty bourgeoisie and obviously complicate the formation of a vigorous and organized proletariat.

A class that lacks self-awareness


The main psychological characteristic of the ruling Tutsi bourgeoisie is a mix of ethnic supremacism and the mindset of a community besieged and constantly under threat. Beyond this, there is no real class awareness because an individual easily passes overnight from the wealthiest condition to the poorest, depending on his/her allegiance to the reigning autocrat. Their sense of belonging to a class is non-existent. Their fate is determined by the will of the ruling autocrat by whom passes the external financial support they collectively thrive on. These elites are conscious that what they possess can vanish in a wink without prior notice. Because of this characteristic, they tend to see the whole society through the lenses of their own fate, negate the existence of class stratification and class contradictions in the Rwandan society and feel comfortable in their ideological confusion. This ideological vacuum was filled by evangelical preachers that mushroomed since 1994.

As a consequence, even though they are linked to the global ruling capitalist classes in the West, their discourse can barely discern the exact nature of their link to them. This blurred vision leads them to behaving like the lumpen proletariat in many ways. Having all to lose in case of change of guard on the part of their masters, they dont hesitate to blackmail them whenever they feel « betrayed » by their masters. This happened recently when Paul Kagame’s Rwanda was threatened of sanctions and possible indictment by the ICC for his destabilizing activities in the east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and when the cash tap was turned off for some time.

To conclude, Rwandans’ internal enemy is clearly a thuggish Tutsi supramacist social class whose economic base is « official aid ». Andre Gunder Frank and Samir Amin have everyone in their own way exposed the essence of such a class and how its links to multinationals and their serving governments in the center of capitalism consolidate dictatorship and develop underdevelopment in its periphery, namely in Latine America or Africa. Rwanda’s ruling class is a case-study in this regard. To uproot this particular lumpenbourgeoisie, we need to comprehend its essence and organize the Rwandan masses and lead their struggle for national liberation and a new social order, based on a non-ethnic and non sexist democracy, a people-centered and internally generated economic growth and a shared prosperity.


For more on UDF-Inkingi:

www.fdu-rwanda.com/en/principes-de-base/programme-politique/


Read more: http://jukwaa.proboards.com/thread/8479/mberahizi-rise-tutsi-lumpen-bourgeoisie#ixzz2V42czlaf

 

Partager cet article
Repost0
1 juin 2013 6 01 /06 /juin /2013 18:55
Le Comité des Nations unies contre la torture conseille au Japon - dont le negationisme re-traumatise les victimes de la prostitution forcée - d'indemniser les femmes de réconfort militaire, punir les criminels et reconnaître la responsabilité juridique. Que Kigali et Kampala se mouchent bien!

 

________________________
UN warns Japan of re-traumatizing victims of forced prostitution

CCTV 06-01-2013 21:58 BJT

http://english.cntv.cn/program/asiatoday/20130601/104570.shtml 

 

 

Watch Video

Play Video

 

The United Nations Committee against Torture has issued a document, urging the Japanese government to stop "re-traumatizing" victims of Japan’s forced prostitution during World War Two.

 

The UN human rights panel said Japan’s government and public figures are continuing to deny the crimes. The committee advised Japan to compensate the victims, punish the criminals and acknowledge legal responsibility.

 

The committee said Japan should include the events in textbooks and educate the public, in order to avoid repeating the mistakes of the past.

Lee Byung-kee, the incoming South Korean ambassador to Japan, said on Friday that Japan should get a correct understanding of history. And former US Deputy Secretary of State Richard Armitage also criticises Japanese politicians’ ignorance of history with regard to the forces prostitution during World War Two, while addressing a gathering in Tokyo.

Partager cet article
Repost0
31 mai 2013 5 31 /05 /mai /2013 05:02

Les situations de conflit en Afrique coûtent au continent 18 milliards de dollars par an.

 

La RDC regorge des minéraux précieux comme l'or, le diamant, l'étain, l'uranium et le coltan... approximativement d'une valeur de $24 Trilllions soit $ 24,000 milliards de dollars, ce qui est égale au produit intérieur brut combiné de l'Europe et les Etats-Unis.

 

Selon les recherches, les resources minerales d'une valeur de 6 millions de dollars sortent clandestinement de la RDC chaque jour. 

 

http://mg.co.za/article/2013-05-07-mugabe-news-tasks-for-africas-spies

Partager cet article
Repost0
31 mai 2013 5 31 /05 /mai /2013 04:14

Corruption, mariage d'intérêt entre la Banque Mondiale et La Réserve Fédérale Américaine: Karen Hudes, ancienne initiée (insider) à la Banque Mondiale, ex-conseillere, vend la mèche!

 

New American, Wednesday, 22 May 2013 10:28

World Bank Insider Blows Whistle on Corruption, Federal Reserve

http://www.thenewamerican.com/economy/economics/item/15473-world-bank-insider-blows-whistle-on-corruption-federal-reserve

World Bank Insider Blows Whistle on Corruption, Federal Reserve

A former insider at the World Bank, ex-Senior Counsel Karen Hudes, says the global financial system is dominated by a small group of corrupt, power-hungry figures centered around the privately owned U.S. Federal Reserve. The network has seized control of the media to cover up its crimes, too, she explained. In an interview withThe New American, Hudes said that when she tried to blow the whistle on multiple problems at the World Bank, she was fired for her efforts. Now, along with a network of fellow whistleblowers, Hudes is determined to expose and end the corruption. And she is confident of success.  

Citing an explosive 2011 Swiss study published in the PLOS ONE journal on the “network of global corporate control,” Hudes pointed out that a small group of entities — mostly financial institutions and especially central banks — exert a massive amount of influence over the international economy from behind the scenes. “What is really going on is that the world’s resources are being dominated by this group,” she explained, adding that the “corrupt power grabbers” have managed to dominate the media as well. “They’re being allowed to do it.”

According to the peer-reviewed paper, which presented the first global investigation of ownership architecture in the international economy, transnational corporations form a “giant bow-tie structure.” A large portion of control, meanwhile, “flows to a small tightly-knit core of financial institutions.” The researchers described the core as an “economic ‘super-entity’” that raises important issues for policymakers and researchers. Of course, the implications are enormous for citizens as well. 

Hudes, an attorney who spent some two decades working in the World Bank’s legal department, has observed the machinations of the network up close. “I realized we were now dealing with something known as state capture, which is where the institutions of government are co-opted by the group that’s corrupt,” she told The New American in a phone interview. “The pillars of the U.S. government — some of them — are dysfunctional because of state capture; this is a big story, this is a big cover up.”

At the heart of the network, Hudes said, are 147 financial institutions and central banks — especially the Federal Reserve, which was created by Congress but is owned by essentially a cartel of private banks. “This is a story about how the international financial system was secretly gamed, mostly by central banks — they’re the ones we are talking about,” she explained. “The central bankers have been gaming the system. I would say that this is a power grab.”

The Fed in particular is at the very center of the network and the coverup, Hudes continued, citing a policy and oversight body that includes top government and Fed officials. Central bankers have also been manipulating gold prices, she added, echoing widespread concerns that The New American has documented extensively. Indeed, even the inaccurate World Bank financial statements that Hudes has been trying to expose are linked to the U.S. central bank, she said.  

“The group that we’re talking about from the Zurich study — that’s the Federal Reserve; it has some other pieces to it, but that’s the Federal Reserve,” Hudes explained. “So the Federal Reserve secretly dominated the world economy using secret, interlocking corporate directorates, and terrorizing anybody who managed to figure out that they were having any kind of role, and putting people in very important positions so that they could get a free pass.” 

The shadowy but immensely powerful Bank for International Settlements serves as “the club of these private central bankers,” Hudes continued. “Now, are people going to want interest on their country’s debts to continue to be paid to that group when they find out the secret tricks that that group has been doing? Don’t forget how they’ve enriched themselves extraordinarily and how they’ve taken taxpayer money for the bailout.”

As far as intervening in the gold price, Hudes said it was an effort by the powerful network and its central banks to “hold onto its paper currency” — a suspicion shared by many analysts and even senior government officials. The World Bank whistleblower also said that contrary to official claims, she did not believe there was any gold being held in Fort Knox. Even congressmen and foreign governments have tried to find out if the precious metals were still there, but they met with little success. Hudes, however, believes the scam will eventually come undone. 

“This is like crooks trying to figure out where they can go hide. It’s a mafia,” she said. “These culprits that have grabbed all this economic power have succeeded in infiltrating both sides of the issue, so you will find people who are supposedly trying to fight corruption who are just there to spread disinformation and as a placeholder to trip up anybody who manages to get their act together.… Those thugs think that if they can keep the world ignorant, they can bleed it longer.” 

Of course, the major corruption at the highest levels of government and business is not a new phenomenon. Georgetown University historian and Professor Carroll Quigley, who served as President Bill Clinton’s mentor, for example, wrote about the scheme in his 1966 book Tragedy And Hope: A History Of The World In Our Time. The heavyweight academic, who was allowed to review documents belonging to the top echelons of the global establishment, even explained how the corrupt system would work — remarkably similar to what Hudes describes. 

"The powers of financial capitalism had a far-reaching aim, nothing less than to create a world system of financial control in private hands able to dominate the political system of each country and the economy of the world as a whole,” wrote Prof. Quigley, who agreed with the goals but not the secrecy. “This system was to be controlled in a feudalist fashion by the central banks of the world acting in concert by secret agreements arrived at in frequent private meetings and conferences. The apex of the system was to be the Bank for International Settlements in Basel, Switzerland, a private bank owned and controlled by the world's central banks which were themselves private corporations."

But it is not going to happen, Hudes said — at least not if she has something do to with it. While the media are dominated by the “power grabber” network, Hudes has been working with foreign governments, reporters, U.S. officials, state governments, and a broad coalition of fellow whistleblowers to blow the entire scam wide open. There has been quite a bit of interest, too, particularly among foreign governments and state officials in the United States. 

Citing the wisdom of America’s Founding Fathers in creating a federal system of government with multiple layers of checks and balances, Hudes said she was confident that the network would eventually be exposed and subjected to the rule of law, stopping the secret corruption. If and when that happens — even if it may be disorderly — Hudes says precious metals will once again play a role in imposing discipline on the monetary system. The rule of law would also be restored, she said, and the public will demand a proper press to stay informed. 

“We’re going to have a cleaned-up financial system, that’s where it is going, but in the meantime, people who didn’t know how the system was gamed are going to find out,” she said. “We’re going to have a different kind of international financial system.... It’ll be a new kind of world where people know what’s going on — no more backroom deals; that’s not going to keep happening. We’re going to have a different kind of media if people don’t want to be dominated and controlled, which I don’t think they do.” 

While Hudes sounded upbeat, she recognizes that the world is facing serious danger right now — there are even plans in place to impose martial law in the United States, she said. The next steps will be critical for humanity. As such, Hudes argues, it is crucial that the people of the world find out about the lawlessness, corruption, and thievery that are going on at the highest levels — and put a stop to it once and for all. The consequences of inaction would be disastrous.      

Photo of World Bank headquarters in Washington, D.C.

Alex Newman, a foreign correspondent for The New American, is currently based in Europe. He can be reached atanewman@thenewamerican.com.

Partager cet article
Repost0
31 mai 2013 5 31 /05 /mai /2013 03:12

Absurde! Lumbala est avec kagame et le M23.Il vient a Paris et les combattants lui roulent des tapis rouges, vont l'ecouter (conference de presse)!

Les combattants et certains opposants bien connus font amuser la gallerie mais ils sont avec Kagame a qui ils reclamment le soutien pour renverser le pouvoir a Kinshasa.
  
AKORERA NA MUNOKO YA MBOKA




Chers compatriotes,

Ayant laissé plusieurs dettes à Kampala, le malchanceux Roger LUMBALA n'a pas eu d'autres choix que de fuir ses amis. Nareri na munoko ya mboka pe narakeri bino mabe, lançait-il à ces derniers qui pleurent leurs éléments, avant de les quitter. Ayant rejoint Paris depuis dimanche, le pauvre pense encore convaincre que les traîtres, ce sont les autres et pas lui. Oh Congo de l'honneur, notre Congo.

A Kampala, le malchanceux Roger LUMBALA qui a contracté plusieurs dettes et je ne le dirai jamais assez, promettait à ses débiteurs un remboursement avec intérêt; quand il sera Ministre à ... Kinshasa. Il a tout simplement oublié que les temps ont changé. Pauvre lui, en ayant insulté les "cailloux" des autres, ce sera son tour d'arpenter les pas des bureaux de ses assistantes sociales. Nanu esili te, akorera maramu na munoko ya mboka. Nous reviendrons pour la suite.

Paix et bonheur chez vous.

L'humble et serviable Papy Tamba
tambakuma1@hotmail.fr 


__._,_.___
Activités récentes:
 
.

__,_._,___


Partager cet article
Repost0
30 mai 2013 4 30 /05 /mai /2013 09:12

M23 et RDF en deuil . Le major Nkundi tué. Kigali abandonne son officier au front
L'Avenir, jeudi 30 mai 2013

http://www.groupelavenir.cd/spip.php?article50930

Les Fardc viennent d’infliger une perte grave à l’ennemi rwandais, déguisé sous le label du M23. Le major Nkundi Ukuru Butera a succombé de ses blessures mardi, avant d’être enterré à Rutshuru ; Kigali l’ayant simplement abandonné

C’est donc une preuve de plus : ceux que l’on appelle communément M23 ne sont rien. C’est l’armée rwandaise (RDF) qui en est le moteur. Et Paul Kagame, dans sa politique de l’autruche, ne pouvait que renier l’appartenance de son officier pour ne pas laisser de traces, avant que Louise Mushikiwabo ne dédouane bientôt son pays par le biais des médias internationaux

Et comme ailleurs on s’apitoie plus sur la mort d’une vache que celle de l’être humain, ceux qui gardent encore ces rangs de la mort devraient réfléchir par deux fois et abdiquer avant l’extermination prochaine des apprentis sorciers obstinés.

 

Il s’appelait Nkundi Ukuru Butera, officier RDF (Rwanda Defense Forces ou Forces armées rwandaises), major de son état. Celui sur qui reposaient les espoirs du Rwanda en vue de la conquête de la Rdc par les soi-disant M23 n’est plus. Il a été grièvement touché mardi dernier par les vaillants Fardc, Forces armées de la République démocratique du Congo, avant de succomber de ses blessures quelques temps plus tard.

Et qui pis est, Kigali s’est retiré sur la pointe des pieds, laissant le corps raide de son ancien major gisant sur un sol poussiéreux. Aux dernières nouvelles, la dépouille mortelle aurait été ensevelie dans une tombe de fortune ; les Congolais sont tellement humains qu’ils enterrent aussi bien leurs morts que tous les morts, si d’ennemis soient-ils, contrairement aux autres qui organisent un deuil lorsque dans la ferme c’est une vache qui succombe !

Quand Kigali manque de cœur

Les autorités rwandaises n’ont pas de cœur. Non seulement quand elles s’en prennent aux voisins, comme c’est le cas dans l’Est de la Rdc. Des querelles intestines ayant pris des proportions inquiétantes sont légion dans l’actuel régime. Elles se traduisent entre autre par un acharnement politique, une véritable chasse à la sorcière contre les opposants,… c’est un secret de polichinelle.

Mais que doit faire un gouvernement lorsque l’un de ses vaillants hommes en mission suicide succombe sur une terre étrangère ? Sans tambour ni trompette, tous gardent, du moins pour le moment, la langue de bois. Connaissant les moyens ingénieux de sa politique, Kigali n’aura étonné personne lorsque sa ministre des Affaires étrangères se sera bientôt servie des ondes étrangères pour se dédouaner. Il ne sera donc pas surprenant qu’elle parle encore d’un militaire congolais, évoquant un scenario du genre montage de Kinshasa.

Le moins que l’on puisse dire, c’est que le donneur de leçon aura failli à sa mission première. Le gouvernement rwandais n’a pas été à la hauteur de ses engagements pour le moins patriotiques, s’assumant en cas de perte en vies humaines de ses hommes de troupes et autres officiers militaires déployés dans l’Est de la Rdc, aux côtés du M23. Investi d’une mission, le major Nkundi Ukuru Butera ne mérite pas le traitement lui infligé par sa hiérarchie, pense-t-on en en faveur des morts.

Une leçon qui interpelle

C’est un grand bois vert qui vient de tomber comme une feuille, au front, en faveur des ambitions inassouvies sur une terre étrangère, sans que les commanditaires ne s’en préoccupent. Et qu’en sera-t-il des bois secs ? Certes, leur sort est connu. Ils n’ont qu’à se renseigner sur le sort de tous ceux qui les ont précédés sur le même autel des ambitions démesurées. Toutefois, maintenant qu’une preuve supplémentaire vient d’être donnée en termes de présence militaire rwandaise aux côtés du M23, le Conseil de sécurité des Nations Unies ne devrait-il pas en tirer des leçons qui s’imposent et appliquer des sanctions idoines aux fauteurs de troubles, avant que l’on ne passe bientôt aux opérations de grande envergure après le déploiement effectif de la Brigade onusienne pour la paix.

Le Colonel Mamadou Moustafa Ndala rassure

Le Commandant de la brigade des FARDC qui va travailler avec la Brigade d’intervention des Nations Unies, le Colonel Mamadou Moustafa Ndala, est aussi chargé de la protection de la ville de Goma. Et c’est depuis 10 jours qu’il est à Goma. Il se veut plus que rassurant et déterminé à protéger la ville de Goma avant le début effectif du déploiement de la Brigade d’intervention des Nations-Unies. Il dit que la ville qui est tombée aux mains des rebelles du M23 en novembre 2013 ne retombera plus tant que lui est ses hommes seront chargés de sa protection.

Au cours d’une interview exclusive sur Radio Kivu1, le colonel Ndala a répété la petite phrase de M’zee Laurent Désiré Kabila qui disait en 1998 que « la guerre se terminera là où elle a commencé ».

Il est sûr d’abord comme Congolais que les rebelles du M23 ne peuvent plus piétiner dans Goma. « Je suis sûre, étant soldat et étant patriote, parce pour un militaire, pour aller à la ligne de front, il doit être sûre de lui-même. Avant d’engager une bataille, il faut avoir l’ambition de gagner », dit-il. Entant que protecteur de la population qui a tant souffert depuis des années, il pense que la victoire est du côté des FARDC. Et le M23 ne reviendra plus à Goma et là où il est, les FARDC sont déterminés à l’obliger de capituler de grés ou de force. C’est donc un devoir sacré, et même s’il faut verser le sang, ils le feront.

A la population de Goma, il dit qu’il est conscient qu’elle est sous stresse. Si les rebelles du M23 font du bruit, c’est parce qu’ils sont à bout de force. Il a demandé à la population de faire confiance aux FARDC.

L’Avenir

Partager cet article
Repost0
30 mai 2013 4 30 /05 /mai /2013 00:00

Colette Braeckman n'a jamais rompu avec ses anciens amours: elle
est restée plus kagomephile que Kagame, plus tutsiphile qu'un
Tutsi. Pourquoi reprendre aujourd' hui une campagne de lobbying
pour des tueurs d'her et d'aujourd&# 39;hui? Les autres occidentaux,
qui avaient fait campagne pour le FPR/APR, à l'époque, se
terrent et ne savent pas comment regagner leur
crédibilité. Mais la dame Colette Braeckman sait qu'elle
a ses inconditionnels rd-congolais, qui avalent toutes es
insanités et ses mensonges, qui la lisent. Colette
Braeckman vit du Congo et sur le Congo: un cas particulier
d'opportunisme journalistique. Hier, elle s'affichait avec le Dr.
Mukwege pour présenter son livre portant un titre humiliant
pour les Congolaises victimes des viols commis par les membres de
l'ethnie de son enfant. Pour Colette Braeckman, l'horloge
s'était arrêté avec la prise du pouvoir par le
FPR/APR: elle continue de camper sur de positions
démystifiées depuis lors par d'autres historiens, de
journalistes d'investigation , de responsables civiles et
militaires de la Minuar et tant d'autres personnalités.
Pourquoi ne cite-elle pas Robin Philpot (Ca ne s'est pas
passé comme ça à Kigali, 2003), Charles Onana (Les
Secrets du génocide rwandais: enquête sur les
mystères d'un président, 2002), Jacques-Roger Booh Booh
(Le patron de Dallaire parle, 2005) et d'autres, qui ont
apporté de lumières sur le rôle des lobystes
occidentaux pro Kagame, sur le rôle du FPR/APR de 1996 à
aujourd' hui en RDC et au Ruanda. Pourquoi Colette Braeckman
ne dit rien sur le destin des Congolais (Zaïrois) dans les
zones libérées du Nord du Ruanda et des Hutus dans ces
mêmes zones, lors de la marche du FPR/APR vers Kigali?
Colette Braeckman est une pauvre extrêmiste, qui gère mal
sa ménopause. Elle a même oublié que les artilleurs
de l'APR, lors de l'affrontement avec l'UDF (Ouganda) à
Kisangani, avait voulu la tuer en bombardant l'hôtel, où
elle avait trouvé refuge! Le fait d'être la mére
biologique d'un enfant wallon-bruxellois- ruandais ne justifie pas
un alignement aveugle sur les crimes commis par les membres de
l'ethnie du père de son enfant. Il faut parfois utiliser des
arguments ad hominem contre les propagandistes et les
défenseurs des criminels. Tundanonga
Dr. Shungu M. Tundanonga-Dikunda
Public & Policy Affairs Consultant
PF 62 02 45

Partager cet article
Repost0

Présentation

  • : Congo Panorama. Le blog du soldat du peuple: Par Antoine Roger Lokongo, le Soldat du Peuple engagé dans la bataille des idées pour un Congo meilleur. Un Congo qui s'assume et devient un parténaire clé de la Chine, hier un pays sous-développé, qui, en un lapse de temps, a changé son destin en comptant sur ses propres efforts et devenu une puissance.
  • : A partir des idées de mes héros, Patrice Emery Lumumba et Laurent Désiré Kabila, je suis l'actualité politique de mon pays, la République Démocratique du Congo en partuclier et de l'Afrique en général et je donne mes commentaires. Antoine Roger Lokongo
  • Contact

Hymne des Opprimés

  Ces CPP-ci sont la lumière des ouvriers
et des paysans,
ainsi que de tout opprimé.

Il n’y a point de doute d’abattre l’exploitation et de créer une juste société.

Notre serment est de ne jamais échouer,
enjoignons toutes nos forces en un faisceau,
tenons bien nos armes dans nos mains,
car ces CPP sont la force du peuple.


Dans sa noble cause,
jamais de spoliation.

Notre lutte revendique nos droits,
quoiqu’il en coûte,
jamais de servitude.


Pour les opprimés,
la Révolution est un rempart,
son ultime but est que le peuple gouverne.

Laurent Désiré Kabila,
lâchement assassiné le 16 janvier 2001.

Recherche

Archives

Liens Préféres